Flat Planter – Pes Planus

The term pes planus generally refers to the reduction or complete disappearance of the longitudinal cavity of the foot. If this situation is accompanied by an outward orientation of the heel, it is called pes planovalgus.
Simply the term abortion may lead to misunderstandings in the diagnosis. An excess of adipose tissue from the soles of the foot to the age of one can give the impression of abortion. The base arc then begins to appear. In most normal children, the foot jar may be seen as flat or decreased.

Causes of Flat Insoles – Classification – Who Sees?
1-Congenital (congenital):
a-rigid:
– congenital convex pes valgus
– tarsal coalition
b-Flexible:
– talipes calcaneovalgus
– talipes valgus due to contracture of the triceps surae muscle
– sustentaculum secondary hypoplasia
2-Acquired:
a-Ligamentous hyperlability due to
– familial
– due to a systemic syndrome (ehler danlos, marfan, down, osteogenesis imperfekta)
b-Muscle weakness and imbalance
– accessory tarsal navicular bone associated with weakness of the tibialis posterior muscle
– muscular dystrophies
– peripheral nerve injuries
– medulla spinalis (spinal cord) diseases
– cerebral palsy
c-Arthritic
– rheumatoid arthritis
– traumatic arthritis
d-Kontraktürel
– due to myostatic contracture of the peroneal muscles
– due to the contracture of the triceps surae muscle

What Are the Symptoms of Flat Insoles?
In the beginning, standing for a long time and walking after the discomfort and fatigue in the body. Then there are pain in the legs and knees. Day or night standing cramps are seen. There is usually swelling standing. Feet and legs stand outward. There is a severe ligamentous laxity (ligamentous laxity) and no fixed deformity in the flexible flexible pes planus. In general, this is the case in children with flat insoles.

What can be done in the treatment of flat insoles?
With foot gymnastics in children, the intrinsic muscles of the foot can be strengthened. In advanced pes planovalgust, insoles may be required. In some cases, heel can be given in the form of a wedge-shaped boot (thomas heel) in which the heel is supported from the inside. There are various degrees of flexible pes planus in 15-20% of adults and usually do not cause complaints. Flexible pes planus in patients aged 10-14 does not require special treatment if it does not cause a complaint. The accessory navicular in this age group (which is the inner one of the small bones in the foot) may cause complaints of bone or incomplete tarsal coalition (the formation of bony bridges between the small bones in the foot). Therefore, pes planus deformities such as accessory navicular bone, tibialis posterior tendinitis should be investigated.